Coksartrose, or degenerative disease of the hip joint, is one of the most serious pathologies of the musculoskeletal system.Due to the large size of joint structures, pain and discomfort are much more serious than with the defeat of other joints.The consequences of the pathology are also serious - if the destruction of small bone joints causes a lot of unpleasant sensations, then the osteoarthritis of the hip joint without treatment is a direct path to disability.Only good therapy, and sometimes the operation, will help a person not to lose the ability to walk.
What is osteoarthritis of hip joint?
Coksartrose, osteoarthrosis, osteoarthritis of the hip joint - synonymous with the same pathological process, flowing in the thigh on one or two sides.In modern medicine, pathology is also called osteoarthritis: it was previously thought that degenerative processes are not characterized by inflammation, but more specific studies have shown the opposite.The affected tissues of articular cartilage secrete inflammatory elements (interleukins), so osteoarthritis is another real term.
The disease is characterized by the following signs:
- Progresses regularly, going from one stage to another;
- Leads to persistent pain, limiting the mobility of the joint;
- Causes the deformation of bone surfaces, partial or complete destruction of hyalin cartilage;
- At a detailed stage, the elderly are more inherent in people, but often start after 40 years;
- 70% of people over 75 have symptoms of pathology;
- They often suffer from women's disease.
The joint is a mechanism in which there are friction details.Due to the decrease in quality or the quantity of lubrication (liquid with inter-mounted cart), contact surfaces use.Small cracks appear on cartilage, later they are destroyed, and instead of healthy tissues, bone corn appears.These growths do not allow the leg to move normally, its functions are lost.
Reasons for the development of the disease
Arthritis in the right or left thigh region can be primary or secondary, and the first option is precisely characteristic for advanced age.Primary form disease develops for decades, associated with wear linked to age and destruction of cartilage.
Secondary coksartrosis has other causes and can start even in a young man.It is associated with inflammation (infectious, autoimmune), which gives momentum at the start of the pathology.In addition, the cause can be the suffered thigh injury (bruise, dislocation, bone fracture).Other possible causes of secondary form:
- Operations in this anatomical area;
- Diabetes and other serious metabolic pathologies;
- Hormonal diseases;
- Congenital and acquired forms of curvature and bone movement;
- Joint dysplasia in a child;
Pivot protective, necrosis of the hip head;- Vascular diseases of a systemic nature, leading to a deterioration of the nutrition of cartilage;
- Bone tuberculosis, rheumatoid arthritis;
- Drop, loss disease;
- The tumors are benign, malignant.
The symptoms of osteoarthritis of the hip joint of all form will appear more quickly if the risk factors act on the body:
- Constant stress, nervous shocks, depression and experiences;
- Obesity, even an excess of moderate weight;
- Unfavorable inheritance;
- Hypodynamia, sedentary work or certain professions with a high load on the joint;
- Excessive physical charges (power), professional sports.
Symptoms of the disease
Arthrosis developing the hip joint and its symptoms cannot be noticed.Even at an early stage, the disease is felt and, above all, pain.The pain, with the resulting and progressive osteoarthritis of the hip joint, increases as the disease goes from one stage to another.They appear in the thigh area, give it to the knee, in the groin, even in the bottom of the abdomen.Usually, after sleep, the pain disappears, but in the advanced stage, it can be constantly present.On palpation, pain is not always felt, as damage to the joint can start with deeply located parts.
Other possible signs of the disease:
- A crunch that appears when it moves, sometimes even with a light;
- Frowning, changing the process;
- Shorten the legs on the side where there is an osteoarthritis of the hip joint;
- Moving resort, limited rotation, moving the leg.
As they develop, other signs of pathology appear.Thus, feeling gives a feeling of bone deformation, the presence of growth.The doctor, on examination, notes muscle atrophy, and the patient even in ordinary life is forced to move with a cane, a pain crutch and a weakness of the member.
In general, pain and other clinical manifestations strongly depend on the scene.These cobsartrose stages are distinguished:
- First of all.Symptoms are not tanned, but initial changes are already perceptible in the diagnosis.The synovial fluid becomes thicker, its volume decreases, the structure of the cartilage at the end of the scene changes.Small cracks appear that the body tries to treat by forming small "Cors".
- The second.The pain at this stage is completely visible, the crisis, the limitation of the engine function is clear.Pain syndrome radiates to other parts of the body, spread over the whole leg down.The image is visible: the slimming of the cartilage, the narrowing of the distance between the bones, a violation of the structure of the joint surfaces, sometimes - the movement of the head of the hollow bone.The number of bone growths (osteophytes) is increased.
- The third.The pain becomes unbearable, a person is very limited in motion, many cease to move completely.The cartilage is almost completely destroyed, the atrophy of the muscles, the joint is very distorted.Bone osteophytes have the shape of points and irritate nerve endings.
What are the risks and complications?
It is easy to understand - if with a pathology such as osteoarthritis of the hip joint, symptoms and treatment are defined incorrectly, premature, this threatens with disabilities.A painful painful syndrome, the inability to walk, the need for constant care is that what awaits a person without the treatment of this disease.
Disability in the event of thigh bone damage is established according to the severity of the disease, with a complete absence of the opportunity to work, to give the first group.These patients are presented in surgery - this is the only effective treatment method in such a situation.But even modern operations methods may include the risk of complications:
- Infectious infection;
- Thrombosis, thrombus embolism;
- Significant blood loss.
The total share of complications is 0.5 to 2%, but they take place.Most often, there is an infection of the prosthesis, which must then be changed into a new one.This is why after the operation, it is important to carry out treatment with antibiotics.
Diagnostic measures of osteoarthritis
Turning to the traumatologist, the surgeon, the orthopedicist is recommended to obtain help with the first signs of damage to the femoral zone.Initially, with suspicions of osteoarthritis of the hip joint, the doctor performs physical tests:
- Sent the top of the thigh, reveals the points of the appearance of pain, bone osteophytes;
- Performs passive movements of the foot - bending, extension, removal and contribution to clarify the volume of possible movements.
It will help diagnose and prescribe more precisely the treatment of osteoarthritis of the hip joint, the instrumental diagnosis will help you.As a rule, the radiography is carried out - the cheapest and affordable research method.It is recommended to make an X -ray on modern devices, or replace it on CT, where the quality of the images is much higher.CT gives exhaustive information on the state of bones, cartilage and joint surfaces.If a detailed study of the state of soft tissues is necessary (for example, when pinching the nerve root), the specialist will prescribe an MRI.
Other possible diagnostic measures:
- Ultrasound of the joint;
- Arthroscopy;
- Blood test for the rheumatoid factor;
- Tuberculin samples;
- Biochemical analysis in the event of suspicion of diabetes, drop.
It is very important to find the cause of secondary coksartrosis, because without affecting it to stop the course of the disease will not work.
Treatment of hip joint osteoarthritis - Medicines and physiotherapy
If the signs of the disease are implicit and have not been to the stage of irreversible changes, conservative treatment will help the patient.Medicines will need therapy even when osteoarthritis of the hip joint has gained a serious form - as a component of the treatment course.
How to treat osteoarthritis in hip joint?There is a disease for correction of the disease drugs:
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.Pills or injections will help get rid of pain, inflammation.It is impossible to use them uncontrollable - their own regeneration cartilage capacities will also decrease the stomach and the intestines will greatly suffer from NSAIDs.
- Vascular drugs.Treatment with such drugs helps improve cartilage nutrition and promotes catering.
- Musorelaxants.Showed by spastic pain in the muscles caused by damage to the thigh area.
- Chondroprotectors.The osteoarthritis of the hip joint requires compulsory and multi-house administration of these drugs. It is also necessary to use forms injection lessons, including in the joint cavity.An even more effective technique is considered to be the introduction of hyaluronic acid drugs in the joint.
- Corticosteroids.They are used in extreme cases in the form of intra-articular injections.Such treatment is necessary if the symptoms become unbearable.
External agents (ointments, gels) for coxarthrosis are generally ineffective due to a deep race of the joint.But physiotherapeutic techniques are often used and seriously relieve pain.UHF, laser therapy, magazine are made on the thigh area, UHF, massage is carried out.In addition, with osteoarthrosis, manual therapy is indicated, in some cases - the hood of the joint.
Popular remedies for osteoarthritis
Many use popular treatment for this pathology, although osteoarthritis of hip joint does not meet various external methods.It is only with intense pain, severe pain can be applied to painful compresses with insulation, although it is more distracting.The treatment of complicated and neglected osteoarthritis of the hip joint is better carried out by means of oral administration:
- Pour 100 g of dry grass of 500 ml of vodka saber, insist 10 days in the dark, take 30 drops three times / day to relieve inflammation;
- Daily jelly, in the absence of contraindications, regularly cooks cold men - the dishes will not serve worse than chondroprotectors.
You can calm the pain using such a compress.It is also necessary to mix honey, medical bile, ammonia, glycerin, apply on the joint, to bind with a hot cloth.Leave the compress for 3 hours, then wash.
Other methods and operation
For the complete treatment of osteoarthrosis, it is very important to observe the correct diet, you will have to refuse foods that violate blood supply and the worsening of cartilage.These are smoked meats, vinegar, crossed foods, frits, as well as food with preservatives, trans fats.But there should be more dishes with magnesium, potassium, iodine, calcium in the diet.
How to treat osteoarthritis in hip joint is compulsory is therapeutic gymnastics.Daily hot utumes, special exercises in a lie position should be performed by all patients.For example, you have to slow the leg slowly and keep on the floor for several seconds.
It is important to exclude sudden movements, to prevent prolonged and fast walking - with coksartrose, this will only improve the progression of the disease.To unload the joint, you can use a cane, crutches, also an orthopedist can recommend special orthotics to soften the load.
Treatment of osteoarthritis of the hip joint of the third, the last stage is only carried out using surgery, other methods are ineffective.In 95% of cases, the operation is successful, the movements of the legs are restored in full.But prostheses are not eternal, their lifespan is up to 20 years, so the operation is an extreme measure.During the endoprosthetic, its own articular changes in the artificial field, and osteoarthritis of the hip joint no longer threatens it.
Prevention of coksartrosis
In order not to carry out a complex treatment of pathology, not to suffer from pain, it is important to start preventive measures from an early age.Coksartrose prevention is particularly important for those exposed to risk factors.
In order for the blood supply to cartilage does not suffer, it follows:
- Eat with the inclusion of plant foods in the menu, a sufficient amount of low meat, cottage cheese, jelly, bitter food;
- Stop smoking, no alcohol abuse;
- At sedentary work, regularly conduct hot ups, do simple exercises;
- To abandon a sedentary lifestyle in favor of skiing, swimming, other low -intensity aerobic charges.
For a person to disturb osteoarthritis of the hip joint, you should control body weight, prevent the obesity and the appearance of 5 to 10 additional pounds - this seriously improves the load on the femoral zone.Coksartrose can only be warned with an integrated approach and a healthy lifestyle!